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MUSIC-BA - Music (BA)

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MusicUndergraduate MatriculatedBA - Bachelor of Arts

Program Overview

The Department of Music at Stanford combines music-making with scholarly research in composition, conducting, performance, music history, ethnomusicology, music theory, cognitive science, intermedia, and computer-based technologies.

Departmental activities serve a broad and diverse constituency on campus and in local communities, with abundant courses, concerts, performance opportunities, research projects, workshops, and lectures throughout the year. Ensembles from various world cultures are open to all students: orchestras, jazz and chamber ensembles, taiko, guzheng, steelpan, and several choral groups. Many of the faculty have affiliations with other departments, programs, and interdisciplinary centers, such as Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, Art and Art History, German Studies, Neuroscience, Symbolic Systems, Comparative Studies in Race and Ethnicity, and Islamic Studies. Alumni include faculty in universities and conservatories around the world, researchers in the technologies of music and acoustics, members of major orchestras, soloists, chamber musicians, sound artists, composers, and arrangers in contemporary, film, and game music.

The Department of Music offers a Bachelor of Arts in Music. Students can pursue one of eleven possible subplans associated with the major. Eligible students may also be awarded a Bachelor of Arts with Honors. The department also offers a minor in music.

Subplans (concentrations) are offered in eleven areas:

  • Composition

  • Conducting

  • Music, Science, and Technology

  • Musicology and Ethnomusicology

  • Musicology/Ethnomusicology and Performance

  • Performance in Keyboard Studies

  • Performance in String Studies

  • Performance in Vocal Studies

  • Performance in Woodwind, Brass, and Percussion Studies

  • Theory

  • Self-designed concentration

Subplans are declared in Axess and appear on the student’s transcript and diploma. Students should allow more than two years for completion of the major. Students pursuing multiple concentrations must fulfill all the requirements of each and may need more than two years to do so. The undergraduate student services officer in Music must approve requests to declare a concentration.

Preparing for the Major

Suggested Preparation for the Major 

Recommended prerequisites for students without prior experience reading music in standard Western notation. A placement evaluation on the first day of instruction determines the appropriate entry level into music theory coursework.

course - Introduction to Music Theory

course - Intermediate Music Theory

Requirements for the minimum proficiency levels in each instrument for private instruction at Lessons on the department’s website.

The department website explains Guidelines and application information at Declare a Major.

Students should allow more than two years for completion of the major, in part because of sequential courses with prerequisite requirements. Early planning is essential for students who plan to double-major, study abroad or pursue any of the concentrations described below. Music majors should attempt to complete sequential courses in the order below.

Minimum Units in the Program

62

Minimum University Units

180
Completion requirement
The undergraduate music major is based on a course study that combines a breadth of musical experiences across multiple dimensions with depth in a chosen area, allowing students to develop an array of tools as part of their aesthetic and musical formation. Theory, performance, history, cultural contextualization, technology, and science contribute to a curricular foundation for all majors. Of the required 62 units, 42 comprise the shared foundation. You can devote the remaining 20 minimum required units to an area of focus, including Composition, Conducting, Performance, Music History, Ethnomusicology, Music Theory, MST (Music, Science, & Technology), or broadly based exploration. Mentorship under the guidance of a faculty advisor is an indispensable component of this 20-unit requirement. Students with little or no prior musical literacy who wish to pursue a music major (or minor) can take gateway classes (specifically MUSIC 19A and 19B) to provide basic skills. All required courses for the BA in music must be taken for a letter grade. Electives above the minimum number of required courses may be taken credit/no credit. Majors must complete 62 units to meet the general requirements for a BA in Music and achieve a minimum GPA of 2.0 in all coursework. MUSIC 21 - 23 should be completed no later than autumn quarter of the junior year. Students pursuing multiple concentrations must fulfill all the requirements of each. Prospective majors must choose a faculty advisor and submit a course plan. (Course plans and advisor agreement forms are available from the undergraduate student services officer.) It is recommended that students schedule a consultation meeting with the undergraduate student services officer as early as possible to plan a program of study.
All required courses for the BA in music must be taken for a letter grade, as must all courses taken toward concentration requirements. Electives may be taken credit/no credit. Upper Division History Courses (MUSIC 141 - 148) taken for at least four units satisfy the Writing In the Major (WIM) requirement).
Earn at least 12 credits from the following:

Take 6 courses for at least 12 units

Complete ALL of the following Courses:
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:
AND
Complete at least 1 courses in the following Course Sets:

Take 3 courses, one of each Analysis and History, plus one by choice

Earn at least 3 credits from the following:
Earn at least 3 credits from the following:
Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted towards the fulfillment of concentration requirements.
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Majors must pass a piano proficiency examination as part of the music theory core (MUSIC 21 Elements of Music I, MUSIC 22 Elements of Music II, MUSIC 23 Elements of Music III). The examination is given in the first two weeks of MUSIC 21. Students who do not pass the piano proficiency examination are required to enroll in either MUSIC 12A Introductory Piano Class, MUSIC 12B Introductory Piano Class, or MUSIC 12C Introductory Piano Class concurrently with the music theory core until they can pass the examination. The examination consists of scales and arpeggios, the performance of a simple tune to be set by the examiner, sight-reading, and the performance of prepared pieces. Download additional information regarding the proficiency examination.
AND
In conjunction with the music theory series, majors must pass an aural skills proficiency examination administered at the end of their junior year. This assesses the ability to transcribe, represent, and reproduce music vocally and on the keyboard, and must be passed before June of the senior year. The exam is scheduled once a year in spring quarter for a date and time in Braun Music Center, announced a few weeks ahead of time by the ear training advisor. Visit the Music website for additional information about ear training.
Completion requirement
Completion requirement

Upper Division History Courses (MUSIC 141 - 148) taken for at least four units satisfy the Writing In the Major (WIM) requirement), as described in the "Course Requirements" section above.

Earn at least 4 credits from the following:
Completion requirement

The major culminates in a capstone experience as described in each of the eleven concentration options below.

Completion requirement

The faculty awards honors in music to majors who have produced an independent project of exceptional quality through a concentration. Students who wish to pursue honors must declare their concentration(s) by May 31 of their junior year (see the undergraduate student services officer for concentration-specific requirements). To receive honors, students must also have earned an overall GPA of 3.6 or higher and a GPA of 3.7 or higher in courses required for the Music major. Honors are conferred through faculty adjudication. For students concentrating in multiple areas, a single jury is convened.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:
AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Conducting concentrators with instrumental focus take course twice and course once; those with choral focus take course twice and course once. The total unit count for course/231 is thus six units.

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Complete at least ten units from among the previous courses in these two groups.

Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:

Complete any of these courses that were not taken to fulfill the Core Requirement.

AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Complete this course for at least one unit.

course is offered for one or two units. Conducting concentrators must take it for one unit to fulfill the Conducting Concentration requirement but are strongly urged to take it for two units, if possible.

Complete at least five units from among the previous courses in these two groups:

Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Earn at least 3 credits from the following:

Or another ensemble (with advisor’s permission)

Complete three quarters in any combination of these ensembles, one unit per quarter; these Performance units are in addition to the three units that satisfy the Core Breadth Performance requirement.

Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Enroll for a minimum of two units.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Enroll in course, course, course for a minimum of three credits per course.

Enroll in course for a minimum of four units.

AND
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:

Complete one of the previous for a minimum of four units.

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted towards the fulfillment of concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:

Minimum of 10 units of any upper-level, writing-intensive course, plus relevant courses outside the department, is possible, in consultation with the advisor.

These courses must cover at least two historical periods. At least one of these courses must be taken in the Department of Music.

AND
Complete 6 units of concentration electives in any music-related course

In consultation with the advisor, language courses, too, can count toward concentration electives. Students are strongly encouraged to attain proficiency in at least one language relevant to their research interests.

AND
Earn at least 4 credits from the following:

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:

A minimum of ten units of any upper-level, writing-intensive course, plus relevant courses outside the department, is possible in consultation with the advisor.

These courses must cover at least two historical periods. At least one of these courses must be taken in the Department of Music.

AND
Earn at least 6 credits from the following:

In consultation with the advisor, the student can choose any performance course. Students are strongly encouraged to attain proficiency in at least one language relevant to their research interests. From September 2024 going forward, all private music lessons are cataloged with a 100-level number.

AND
Earn at least 4 credits from the following:

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Earn at least 6 credits from the following:

Complete six quarters for at least one unit per quarter. Performance concentrators must earn required private lesson credits through enrollment in private lesson sections taught by Stanford Department of Music faculty members. From September 2024 going forward, all private music lessons are cataloged with a 100-level number.

AND
Earn at least 3 credits from the following:

Enroll a minimum of three times,

AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:
AND
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:
AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:
AND
Earn at least 3 credits from the following:

Enroll a minimum of three times.

AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Enroll for a minimum of two units.

The capstone project consists of an adjudicated solo recital supported by program preparation, program notes supervised by a musicology faculty member, and dress rehearsal. Preparation for the Capstone Project must include enrollment in three consecutive quarters of private lessons, the third of which will be concurrent with the completion of the project.

Additional enrollments of MUSIC 198 may be taken in the quarters preceding the presentation of the capstone to support its preparation. Specifically, students are strongly encouraged to enroll in MUSIC 198 one full quarter prior to the quarter in which they will present their project.

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Earn at least 6 credits from the following:

Complete six quarters for at least one unit per quarter. Performance concentrators must earn required private lesson credits through enrollment in private lesson sections taught by Stanford Department of Music faculty members. From September 2024 going forward, all private music lessons are cataloged with a 100-level number.

AND
Earn at least 6 credits from the following:

Complete six quarters. Chamber Music refers to a small, unconducted ensemble. Up to two units in course or course may also apply toward the Chamber Music requirement

AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:
AND
Earn at least 2 credits from the following:
AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Enroll for a minimum of two units.

The capstone project consists of an adjudicated solo recital supported by program preparation, program notes supervised by a musicology faculty member, and dress rehearsal. Preparation for the Capstone Project must include enrollment in three consecutive quarters of private lessons, the third of which will be concurrent with the completion of the project.

Additional enrollments of MUSIC 198 may be taken in the quarters preceding the presentation of the capstone to support its preparation. Specifically, students are strongly encouraged to enroll in MUSIC 198 one full quarter prior to the quarter in which they will present their project.

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Earn at least 12 credits from the following:

Complete six quarters for at two units per quarter. Performance concentrators must earn required private lesson credits through enrollment in private lesson sections taught by Stanford Department of Music faculty members. From September 2024 going forward, all private music lessons are cataloged with a 100-level number.

AND
Earn at least 2 credits from the following:

Complete two courses for one unit among the previous.

AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:
AND
Earn at least 2 credits from the following:

Complete one course for two units among the previous.

AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Enroll for a minimum of two units.

Preparation for the Capstone Project must include enrollment in three consecutive quarters of private lessons, the third of which will be concurrent with the completion of the project.

Additional enrollments of MUSIC 198 may be taken in the quarters preceding the presentation of the capstone to support its preparation. Specifically, students are strongly encouraged to enroll in MUSIC 198 one full quarter prior to the quarter in which they will present their project.

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Earn at least 6 credits from the following:

Complete six quarters for one unit per quarter. Performance concentrators must earn required private lesson credits through enrollment in private lesson sections taught by Stanford Department of Music faculty members. From September 2024 going forward, all private music lessons are cataloged with a 100-level number.

AND
Earn at least 6 credits from the following:
AND
Earn at least 3 credits from the following:
AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:
AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Enroll for a minimum of two units.

Preparation for the Capstone Project must include enrollment in three consecutive quarters of private lessons, the third of which will be concurrent with the completion of the project.

Additional enrollments of MUSIC 198 may be taken in the quarters preceding the presentation of the capstone to support its preparation. Specifically, students are strongly encouraged to enroll in MUSIC 198 one full quarter prior to the quarter in which they will present their project.

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:
AND
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:
AND
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:

Complete one course for at least three units from among the previous.

AND
Complete at least 1 of the following Courses:
AND
Choose any two units in a music-related course.
AND
Complete ALL of the following Courses:

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted toward fulfilling concentration requirements.

Completion requirement
Fulfill ALL of the following requirements:
The self-designed music major allows students to choose courses beyond the shared 42-unit core. They develop a focus area in consultation with the Program Advisor. They are allocated 16 units toward courses in this focus area; the remaining four units are reserved for the capstone project (see below). If necessary for the focus area, three of the 16 units may be taken outside the Music Department, with the permission of the advisor. Focus areas may center on courses in established areas of the department for which there is no existing subplan (e.g., jazz, musical theater), or they may delineate a path that moves across different programs within the department. Focal areas may have a creative or critical emphasis or a blended approach. The 16 units in the focus area should provide a spur and grounding for the four-unit capstone project.

Courses taken to fulfill Core Breadth requirements may not be double-counted towards the fulfillment of concentration requirements.

AND
Take 16 units in a focal area in consultation with the Program Advisor.
AND
Earn at least 4 credits from the following:

Capstone project guidelines

Beginning ideally in the junior year, students should choose one or two capstone advisors and plan regular meetings to develop a capstone project. If a student has two capstone advisors, one may be a faculty member outside the Music Department.

The capstone can be understood as a culmination of the 16 units of coursework in the focus area.

Where possible, the student should allocate one or two units per quarter to independent studies for four units by graduation, beginning in spring quarter of the junior year. Otherwise, the units can spread over as few as two quarters.

Advising meetings should occur at least twice per quarter and three times per quarter during the two quarters leading up to graduation.

Capstone projects may take a variety of forms. In consultation with the capstone advisor(s), the student determines whether the project culminates in creative work, an academic paper or other research output, a recital or lecture-recital, or a mix.